Discharge into and flow from an infinitely large (for our cases a resviour is infinitely large) body of water the k factor is 1.
Ie dP= K * V^2 where w is the mean velocity.
This is an analytical relationship and is completely geometry independent. A real res where there is flow between teh inlet and outlet is different.
The main advantage of running parallel is not presure drop but increase in fluid dT.
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