Well guys, I've been searching Google and for the life of me I cannot find the two papers that I was using/basing the above comments on. I had saved them on my laptop, but then my laptop disk-drive died about a month ago, and so all data was lost.
Very annoying.
You will have to accept my apologies on the matter, as unsatisfactory as that may be.
As for the "jet in a cup" aspect though, there was not a single paper that I could find that exactly described this sort of behavior. To be honest, I experimented my way to the current implementation of the Cascade, rather than theorised my way there. It's one of BillA's favorite statements - observe the behavior and then assemble the theory to fit. I did take note of free-jet research to guide my initial steps, focusing on 2D to 6D mainly, and experimenting with cup widths ranging from 1.5D to 4D. However, and this must be stated, that structural strength plays as much of a role in the final Cascade base-plate design as the jet/height/width ratios. Given that the base-plate is essentially unsupported, I discarded any possibilities that would result in less than a 3mm base-plate thickness.
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