The cooling area in the cascade is a rectangular shape which I think was designed to be the best comprimise between many different core sizes.
The cascade originally had 2 outlets in development. I suggest you read the development thread for the reasons why it was changed to 1
The height of the jet exit from where it strikes the base is critical in an impingement setup and is different in different situations but usually falls between 4d and 5d and can only really be determined through experimentation so changing the depth of the cups would probably reduce performance.
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